PrHA, PHA Requirement
Must address
Hazard Analysis Methodologies
• Checklists: cost-effective way to identify customarily recognized hazards. Depend on the experience of the people who developed the checklist. If it is not complete, may not identify the hazardous situation
• What-if: brainstorming approach on possible deviations or failures. Team members need to be experiences, otherwise may result in incomplete study
• What-if/Checklist: used to identify the most common hazards in the process, often the first PHA conducted on the process, with subsequent detailed approaches
HazOp: identify hazard and operability problems in a chemical process. Review a process or operation systematically to identify deviations. Requires a interdisciplinary team and an experienced team leader.
• Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA): evaluate ways an equipment/system fails and the system response to the failure. “Not efficient for identifying an exhaustive list of combinations of equipment failures that lead to accidents”.
• Fault Tree Analysis (FTA): a deductive technique that focuses on a particular accident or main system failure and provide a method for determining causes of the event. Suitable for highly redundant systems, component failures.
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